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2 Sh 1; sn 1; 1. J. E. BOTT. 6e 8 'BREEGH MEGHANISM FOR GUNS.

No. 533,837. Patented Feb. 5, 1895.

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J.E.BO TT. BREEGH MECHANISM FOR GUNS.

Patented Feb. 5, 1895.

MTIfEGSE-S Mrs STATES ATENT FICEQ TO T. BENNETT PHILLIPS, TOR OF HOWARD ORAMP,

OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, EXECU- DECEASED.

.BREECH MECHANISM FOR GUNS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 533,837, dated February 5, 1 895. A lication filed August 1, 1892. Renewed May 24, 1894 Serial No. 512| N modem To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JOSEPH ELTON Borr, of Stockport, England, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Breech Mechanism for Guns; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification.

My invention has relation to breech mechanism for guns, and consists in the breech mechanism as hereinafter particularly described and claimed.

The object of my invention is to provide an eflicient, positive, rapidly operating breech loading mechanism for guns, of simplified con struction.

I will now describe my invention so that I others skilled in the art to which it appertains may make and use the same, reference being had to the accompaning drawings, in which similar letters of reference refer to similar parts throughout.

Figure l is an end perspective view of the gun having my breech loading mechanism provided thereon with the breech open. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the gun in the position shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view representing the breech block unlocked and withdrawn from the breech i'n position read to be swung open on the pivoted carrier ring. Fig. 4 is a detailed longitudinal sectional view of the breech block. Fig. 5 is a sectional view on the line w-m of Fig. 4:.

B represents the breech end of the gun, A, in which is provided the breech, b, said breech, b,being cut with the usual interrupted screwthreads, 0, leaving between each interrupted screw-thread, c, a planed longitudinal groove or recess, 0. The rear of the breech end is provided with an annular recess, 0, to receive the carrier ring, D. To one side of the rear of the breech end is pivotally hinged the carrier ring, D, by the hinged joint, h. The carrier ring, D, is bored to freely receive the breech block, E, which is provided in said bore of the carrier ring horizontally and rotatively adjustable therein in the following manner: The breech block, E, is provided with interrupted screw-threads, 6, corresponding with the threads, 0, of the breech, b, and with the usual longitudinal recesses or grooves, 13, between said interrupted screwthreads, e, said interrupted screw-threads, 6, being adapted to snugly slide in the recesses,

c and the recesses, e to snu l encom ass the screw-threads, a, when the breech block, E, is horizontally reciprocated in the breech, b, of the breech end, B. The threads of the screw, 6, being constructed of the same trend as the threads of the screw, 0, will engage therewith and firmly lock the breech-block in position in the breech after the said breech block has been horizontally adjusted fully up in position in the breech, b, and given a partial rotative turn in the proper direction. Within the carrier ring, D, is provided a guide and stop pin, d, whichengages in the groove, 01, in the sleeve, S, for the purpose of controlling the rotation of the block. When the breech block, E, is inserted or retracted from the breech, b, it freely travels longitudinally in the space, e.

An important feature of my invention is the means which I provide for carrying the breech block longitudinally and rotatively with little friction and with precision. Beneath the breech block, E, a serrated segmentally threaded guide Wheel, G, is journaled in a bracket, j, secured to the carrier ring, D. The trend of the screwthread and the character of the serrations provided on the circumference of the guide wheel, G, correspond with the trend of the screw-thread provided on the breech block, E. As the breech block is horizontally reciprocated into the breech, b, the guide wheel, G, freely rotating on its axis, j, will allow the block, E, to travel to and fro with little friction, the serrations, g, playing between the threads being centrally grooved as shown in Fig.2, to fit the said threads of the breech block, and when the block is rotated, as hereinbefore described, the threads of the screws will turn upon the screw-threaded serrations of the guide wheel, G, as a rotative bearing, the amount of rotation of the breech block being controlled by the guide pin, d, in the groove, d, the guide wheel, G, thus acting as a rociprocating and rotative bearing or guide for the breech block, E, presenting but little friction.

It is clearthat in order to carry out my construction the lowermost interrupted screwthread, e, provided on the breech block, E,

must be elongated, as at 6 beyond the outer end of the breech block to carry the block on the guide wheel, G, when it is inserted fully up within the breech, b, and this outer extension, e must also be continued for about one-third of the circumference of the breech block to allow of the necessary rotative bearing on the guide wheel, G, as the breech block is rotated within the breech.

The construction illustrated in the drawings shows a longitudinal rod or shaft, t, disposed in the breech block, E, for use in a pneumatic gun with a keyed inner end, 6, constructed to fit in the keyed end of a pneumatically discharged cartridge of the construction substantially as described and claimed in Letters Patent of the United States, No. 466,056, issued to me December 29, 1891. The handles, it, are so provided upon the outer end of the shaft, 2?, that the breech block and carrier may be inserted and locked by means of the handle and then by a further rotative motion of the handles the pneumatic cartridge exploded by the keyed end, i, operating in the key of the cartridge, and by the same means, operating in a reverse direction, the block may be unlocked and the breech opened.

A spring, 8, is provided upon the rod, 15, havin g shouldered bearin gs, so as to norm ally retain the lug, 25 provided on the rod, 25, against the rear stop, 25 secured at the end of the screw, e and between the lugs, 25 also secured on said screw, e as shown in Figs. 3 and t. In this manner the breech, E, may be rotated by the handles, it, provided on the rod, t, and may also be reciprocated horizontally as hereinbefore stated. When the breech block, E, is fully forced into the breech, b, and locked by the rotation of the handle the rod, t, is given an extra forward push compressing the spring, 5', and disengaging the lug, F, from the lugs, 25 which allows ofa rotative movement of the rod, t, independent of the breech block, and the keyed end, 25', having become engaged by such forward thrust in the key of the cartridge the rod, t, is then given an independent rotative movement which explodes the cartridge, such as described in Letters Patent No. 466,056. The rod, 15, is then rotatively turned back to its normal position and thereupon forced laterally to its original en gaged position by the spring, 3'; and the breech block may then 'be drawn out by the handles to the position shown in Figs. 1 and 2. I do not limit myself, however, to pneumatically operated guns as my improvement is equally as well adapted to powder guns. In such case any desirable construction of handle may be provided upon the breech block, E, and a longitudinal centrally disposed orifice or small bore be drilled through the breech block, E, for the insertion of an electric wire, or other fuse, communicating with the cartridge, as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 4:.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patout, is

1. In an interrupted screw-threaded breech loading gun having a breech block provided with interrupted screw-threads adj ustably secured in a carrier-ring hinged to the rear of the breech end, a guide wheel and carrier axially journaled to the carrier ring beneath the breech block having a segment of a screw circumferentially provided upon its circumference of a pitch corresponding to the pitch of the interrupted screw, said wheel constructed to carry the breech block in its reciprocating and rotary movements, substantially as described.

2. In a breech loading gun, an interrupted screw-threaded breech, a carrier-ring hinged to the breech end, an interrupted screwthreaded breech-block located in the carrierring registering with the bore of the breech, an axially pivoted serrated guide wheel provided upon the carrierring beneath the breech-block, said breech-block supported by said guide wheel reciprocatingly and rotatively, substantially as described.

3. In a breech loading mechanism for guns having an interrupted screw-threaded breech, a reciprocating and rotatively disposed interrupted screw-threaded breech block guided and carried in a carrier ring hinged to the breech end of the gun, a serrated guide wheel j ournaled to the carrier-ring adjusted to carry said breech block, upon which guide wheel the threads of the interrupted screw are adapted to travel longitudinally and rotatively, guide pin for regulating the rotative movement of the breech block and means for discharging the gun, substantially as described.

4. In a' breech loading gun, interrupted screw threads, 0, provided in the breech, carrier-ring, D, hinged to the breech end, B, reciprocatingly and rotatively disposed breech block, E, having interrupted screw-threads, e, and e located on the outer circumference thereof, serrated guide wheel, G, journaled to the carrier-ring, D,below the breech block, the serrations, g, of the guide wheel, G, constru cted to play in the interrupted screwthreads of the breech block and to carry said breech block reciprocatingly and rotatively in the central orifice of the carrier-ring, D, guide pin, d, and groove, (1, for guiding said breech block and regulating the rotative movement of the same and meansfor opening and closing the breech and firing the gun, substantially as described.

5. In a breech loading gun having interrupted screw-threads provided in the breech, a carrier-ring, D, hinged to the breech end of the gun, a breech block, E, provided in said carrier-ring, D, through a centrally disposed orifice, interrupted screw-threads, e, e provided on the outer circumference of said breech block, serrated guide wheel, G, journaled in the journal bearings, j, j, to said carrier-ring, D, below the breech block, the serrations, g, constructed to engage in the interrupted screw-threads of the breech block,

E, and to carry said breech block on the axis, j, longitudinally and reciprocatingly in the Ollfitttli the minimal), tlllltltllln, t t. vided in said carrier ring, D, engaging in groove, d, provided in the sleeve, S, of the breech block for regulating the rotative movement of the block, substantially as described.

6. In a breech loading gun, interrupted screw threads, 0, provided in the breech, carrier-ring, D, hinged to the breech end, B, reciprocatingly and rotatively disposed breech block, E, having interrupted screw-threads, e, and 6 provided on the outer circumference thereof, serrated guide wheel, G, journaled to the carrier-ring, D, below the breech block, the serrations, g, of the guide wheel, Gr, constructed to play in the interrupted screwthreads of the breech block and to carry said breech block reciprocatingly and rotatively in the central orifice of the carrier ring, D, guide pin, d, and groove, (1, for guiding said breech block and regulating the rotative movement of the same, centrally tllSPOSQil shalt, l, constructed to allow of horizontal and rotative adjustment of the breech block when the lug, t provided thereon is engaged with the lugs, :5 and of an independent rotative adjustment when disengaged, a spring, 8 provided on said rod, 25, for normally engaging said rod, 25, with the breech block, and handles, h, secured to the outer end of said rod, 75, for opening and closing the breech block and independently operating the rod, 15, for purposes of discharging the gun in the manner, substantially as described.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 30th day of July, A. D. 1892.

JOSEPH ELTON BOTT.

Witnesses:

J. BAYARD HENRY, HORACE PETTIT. 

